[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.hasty.cz\/hlavni-priciny-kurovcove-kalamity\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.hasty.cz\/hlavni-priciny-kurovcove-kalamity\/","headline":"Hlavn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny k\u016frovcov\u00e9 kalamity","name":"Hlavn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny k\u016frovcov\u00e9 kalamity","description":"V prvn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b je nutno \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee p\u0159emno\u017een\u00ed k\u016frovc\u016f v na\u0161ich les\u00edch nen\u00ed nic nov\u00e9ho ani neobvykl\u00e9ho. Opakuje se pravideln\u011b zhruba ka\u017ed\u00fdch […]","datePublished":"2019-11-23","dateModified":"2023-06-07","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.hasty.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.hasty.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/9cac53ffad5d6e0659d72eaf216400c165f8fbf396c79017c66698a8aa5be23d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/9cac53ffad5d6e0659d72eaf216400c165f8fbf396c79017c66698a8aa5be23d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"hasty.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.hasty.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a361378_w3800_t1574606991.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.hasty.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a361378_w3800_t1574606991.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.hasty.cz\/hlavni-priciny-kurovcove-kalamity\/","about":["V\u011bda"],"wordCount":678,"articleBody":"V prvn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b je nutno \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee p\u0159emno\u017een\u00ed k\u016frovc\u016f v na\u0161ich les\u00edch nen\u00ed nic nov\u00e9ho ani neobvykl\u00e9ho. Opakuje se pravideln\u011b zhruba ka\u017ed\u00fdch 10 let. Souvis\u00ed to pr\u00e1v\u011b s rozmno\u017eovac\u00edm cyklem tohoto brouka. V\u011bt\u0161inou v\u0161ak nem\u00e1 takov\u00e9 devastuj\u00edc\u00ed n\u00e1sledky. Pro\u010d to letos bylo takov\u00e9, jak\u00e9 to bylo?\t \tNejprve je nutn\u00e9 pochopit, \u017ee k\u016frovec smrkov\u00fd hn\u00edzd\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm (p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b) ve smrku. Ov\u0161em p\u0159\u00edroda samoz\u0159ejm\u011b dala strom\u016fm do v\u00ednku schopnost br\u00e1nit se – po sv\u00e9m. Proti k\u016frovci se strom chr\u00e1n\u00ed jednodu\u0161e m\u00edstem sv\u00e9ho p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho v\u00fdskytu. Jako v\u011bt\u0161ina hmyzu, k\u016frovec nem\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 r\u00e1d n\u00edzk\u00e9 teploty. Stromu naopak vyhovuj\u00ed. T\u00edm je, za norm\u00e1ln\u00edch okolnost\u00ed, p\u0159emno\u017een\u00ed k\u016frovce celkem efektivn\u011b br\u00e1n\u011bno – k\u016frovec m\u00e1 k dispozici jen t\u011bch p\u00e1r jedinc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed rostou v ni\u017e\u0161\u00edch poloh\u00e1ch. Dostatek na to, aby p\u0159e\u017eili, ale p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 m\u00e1lo pro to, aby se mohli p\u0159emno\u017eit.\t \tPak ale do tohoto p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho vztahu zas\u00e1hl \u010dlov\u011bk. Je t\u0159eba \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee d\u0159evo tohoto druhu m\u00e1 skute\u010dn\u011b spoustu v\u00fdhod. V prvn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b m\u00e1 velmi \u0161irok\u00e9 spektrum vyu\u017eit\u00ed. Nav\u00edc strom samotn\u00fd pat\u0159\u00ed k rychle rostouc\u00edm d\u0159evin\u00e1m, co\u017e samoz\u0159ejm\u011b znamen\u00e1, \u017ee se pen\u00edze, investovan\u00e9 do jeho p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed, v porovn\u00e1n\u00ed s jin\u00fdmi d\u0159evinami velmi rychle vr\u00e1t\u00ed. Proto nen\u00ed divu, \u017ee za\u010dal b\u00fdt i u n\u00e1s \u0161iroce p\u011bstov\u00e1n.\t \tFaktem ale je, \u017ee \u010cesk\u00e1 republika nem\u00e1 pro p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed tohoto druhu zrovna ide\u00e1ln\u00ed podm\u00ednky. Na\u0161e plochy jsou p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b n\u00ed\u017einy, a m\u00edsta p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho v\u00fdskytu najdeme pouze na h\u0159ebenech na\u0161ich hrani\u010dn\u00edch hor. T\u00edm, \u017ee jsou mimo sv\u00e9 optim\u00e1ln\u00ed podm\u00ednky, jsou d\u0159eviny mnohem n\u00e1chyln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed k r\u016fzn\u00fdm chorob\u00e1m a parazit\u016fm – v\u010detn\u011b pr\u00e1v\u011b k\u016frovce. A vzhledem k tak\u0159ka monokulturn\u00edmu zp\u016fsobu p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed nemusel ani za potravou cestovat daleko (co\u017e by z n\u011bj v ide\u00e1ln\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b d\u011blalo ide\u00e1ln\u00ed ko\u0159ist pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 hmyzo\u017eravce). P\u0159esto se nab\u00edz\u00ed ot\u00e1zka: t\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem se smrk p\u011bstuje u\u017e des\u00edtky let. K\u016frovcov\u00e9 kalamity tu byly, ale nikdy ne tak devastuj\u00edc\u00ed. Tak pro\u010d letos?\t \tI zde je n\u011bkolik p\u0159\u00ed\u010din. Prvn\u00ed z nich je oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed klimatu. To chladnomilnou d\u0159evinu oslabuje, ale pro k\u016frovce je to ide\u00e1ln\u00ed. Nav\u00edc v posledn\u00edch letech m\u00e1me dlouh\u00e1, such\u00e1 l\u00e9ta s minimem sr\u00e1\u017eek. To samoz\u0159ejm\u011b op\u011bt pro strom nen\u00ed ide\u00e1ln\u00ed, zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 pokud jsou jeho p\u016fvodn\u00ed lokalitou hory s celoro\u010dn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm mno\u017estv\u00edm sr\u00e1\u017eek. Dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu m\u016f\u017eeme hledat i v \u00fabytku hmyzo\u017erav\u00fdch pt\u00e1k\u016f a dal\u0161\u00edch p\u0159irozen\u00fdch nep\u0159\u00e1tel k\u016frovce. Ka\u017ed\u00fd mi d\u00e1 jist\u011b za pravdu, \u017ee mno\u017estv\u00ed zp\u011bvn\u00e9ho ptactva se st\u00e1le sni\u017euje, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b pak na pol\u00edch a v les\u00edch. \t \tJak\u00e9 je tedy \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed? Podstatn\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eit pod\u00edl p\u011bstovan\u00fdch smrk\u016f a soust\u0159edit se sp\u00ed\u0161e na vhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed druhy. Je tak\u00e9 t\u0159eba opustit monokulturn\u00ed hospoda\u0159en\u00ed v les\u00edch a m\u00edt tam zhruba vyrovnan\u00fd pom\u011br r\u016fzn\u00fdch druh\u016f. Kalamita lesy vy\u010distila. Z tohoto pohledu je mo\u017en\u00e9 pohl\u00ed\u017eet na ni jako na dobrou v\u011bc. Zbavila n\u00e1s ekologick\u00e9 z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee a dala mo\u017enost za\u010d\u00edt znovu a l\u00e9pe. Ot\u00e1zkou je: chop\u00edme se t\u00e9to \u0161ance?                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        4.4\/5 - (11 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Hlavn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny k\u016frovcov\u00e9 kalamity","item":"https:\/\/www.hasty.cz\/hlavni-priciny-kurovcove-kalamity\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]